Machinists and tool programmers use machine tools such as lathes, drill presses and milling machines to produce precision metal parts. Although they may produce large quantities of one part, machinists usually produce small batches or one-of-a-kind items. They use their knowledge of the working properties of metals and their skill with machine tools to plan and carry out the operations needed to make machined products that meet precise specifications.

Tool and die makers are among the most highly-skilled production workers in the economy. These workers produce tools, dies, and special guiding and holding devices that enable machines to manufacture a variety of products we use daily—from clothing and furniture to heavy equipment and parts for aircraft.

Welders and cutters are skilled metal workers. Welding is the most common way of permanently joining metal parts. Heat is applied to the pieces to be joined, melting and fusing them to form a permanent bond. The work of arc, plasma and flame cutters is closely related to that of welders. However, instead of joining metals, cutters use the heat from burning gases or an electric arc to cut and trim metal objects to specific dimensions. Welding machine operators run machines that weld metal parts.

Metalworking and plastics-working machine operators produce the metal and plastic parts in many of the consumer products we use daily.

 

Most metal trades personnel work in areas that are clean, well-lit and well-ventilated. Regardless of setting, all of these workers operate powerful, high-speed machines that can be dangerous if strict safety rules are not observed. Most wear protective equipment, such as safety glasses and earplugs to shield against bits of flying metal and earplugs to protect against machinery noise. They must also exercise caution when handling hazardous coolants and lubricants.

Most metal trades professionals work a 40-hour week, but overtime is common during periods of increased production. Because many metalworking and plastics-working shops operate more than one shift daily, some work nights and weekends.

 

Because machinery is becoming more complex and shop floor organization is changing, employers increasingly look for persons with good communication and interpersonal skills. Mechanical aptitude, manual dexterity and experience working with machinery are also helpful. These workers must be able to work independently, and be able to do highly accurate work that requires concentration and physical effort. The work requires stamina because metal trades workers are on their feet much of the day and may do moderately heavy lifting.

 

One of the most important factors influencing employment change in this occupation is the implementation of labor-saving machinery. In order to remain competitive, many firms are adopting new technologies, such as computer-controlled machine tools, to improve quality and lower production costs. Advancements in automation will contribute to the projected decline in employment; nevertheless, jobseekers with the appropriate skills and background should enjoy excellent opportunities. Also, the aging of the Nation's infrastructure is adding to the number of metal products needing repairs and will provide additional opportunities.